RI-AF1 (I4501):  8/13/05

•	Right Seat Instrumentation
* [FTI] One Difficulty is the relative placement of the yoke and power levers.  Left and right hands are switched.  Greater reach is required to move levers; tendency is to set lower power.  Don’t mistake prop levers.  Sight picture is different, tendency is to land right of centerline.  Crosscheck is same, but you have the radalt, and the T&S indicator is in a different place.

•	Right Seat Procedures
* [FTI] Standard Co-pilot responsibilities, plus comms as requested.  Instructor takes comms and does CP duties if you are flying from the right.  Stud must do right st takeoffs and landings, operation of gear and flaps is standard.  Sim EPs still directed at PF, even if PNF is left seat.  Observer goes to right side, still does normal things.

•	Procedure Turn (Holding Technique)
* [FTI] Use normal leads within 90 deg.
Standard AF Primary Method.  Treat the IAF/PT Fix like a holding fix, do appropriate entry, reestablish self inbound aligned to the fix.  Stay within remain within distance, 30 deg for teardrop, 1.5 minute legs usually good, longer for no FAF/big descent required.  

•	ICAO Procedures/Flight Plans
* [GP] 1947, pretty much everybody ratified ICAO.  Only for Int'l Civil Aviation, but military aircraft generally conform to ICAO unless reason to deviate.  General VFR/IFR guidelines set out, ATC separation is standardized.  Altimeters: QNH: local MSL alt.  QNE: 29.92.  QFE (Dangerous): AGL for the field. Establishes vertical separation.  
ICAO Flight Plan: similar info to FAA flight plan, includes FIR crossing times.  
* Note: [GP] ICAO allows up to 280 kts holding in turbulent conditions, and 0.83M holding >34k ft.  

•	Non-Radar Environment
* Position Reporting more important.  Report in with position as well as altitude, call sign.  ATC will likely make you use mandatory reporting points.  'FAF inbound' call mandatory in non-radar environment.