RI-13 (I4203): 8/2/05
 
•	SSE ASR Procedures
* [FTI]  An ASR can be flown as precision or non-precision for configuration purposes.  If able to maintain recommended altitudes, can consider the SSE ASR precision and keep the gear down.  If not using recommended altitudes, or significantly below recommended altitudes, clean up, and treat it as non-precision, configure when the runway is in sight.  Lose 300'/mi. for the recommended altitudes.  (1500', 1200' (4.9), 900' (3.9))

•	WX Filing Criteria
* [3710]  Takeoff: Use 200 / 1/2 or precision mins, whichever is lower, or 300/1, non-precision mins.  
* Alternates: Primary 3000/3: No alternate required.  Primary Below Mins: Alternate 3000/3.  Primary Mins but <3000/3: 200 / 1/2 PLUS precision mins; 300/1 PLUS nonprecision mins.
* Trivia: Can't use GPS for alt if already using GPS at primary, and vice versa.  Can't use radar mins if no two radio systems + NATOPS qualled aviators (I4601).  Can shoot the approach below mins if no intent to land.

•	Propeller System
* 3-bladed aluminum prop.
* Autofeather oil pressure dump is on the overspeed governor.  Intentionally redundant: alt feather procedure.
* Rt. Autofeather doesn’t totally work w/ prop sync on.  
* Recenter prop sync if not working.  Prop sync - off, Manually sync, Prop Sync - On.  Takes 6 seconds.  Tolerance of synchrophaser is +-30 rpm.
* Normal ops: pneumatic section of primary gov.=fuel topping.  Limits to 2332, also limits to 2100 in reverse.
* Gov pump: 375-400 psi.

1) Governors:  engine oil provides hydraulic control in prop sys, thru primary governor by governor pump (375 to 400 psi)...  Senses flyweight rotation around speeder spring, metering oil through pilot valve.  If primary governor malfunctions and exceeds 2200 prm by 4%, overspeed governor will cut in and reduce oil pressure and maintain prop speed at 2288 RPM.  Prop lever sets speeder spring tenion setting default oil level.     In prop dome, similar to T-6, feathering spring, oil in pushes back, through pitch change linkage changes blade angle.  Higher oil Px decreases blade angle, increases prop speed.  Overspeed governor 2288 +-40.  If prop speeds exceed 2332 rpm, overspeed governor failed and pneumatic section of primary acts as fuel topping governor.   

2) Blades:  Twisted to maintain even thrust, with bladeshank counterweighs to balance.  Feaqther: 87 deg, Low Pitch 15 Deg, Zero Thrust -5 deg, Reverse -11 deg, Cruise 25-35 deg., 

3)  Prop levers:  HIGH RPM: 2200 
FEATHER: self-explan.  Reverse:  High RPM.  Caution ligh if gear down and not High RPM, tells you to not reverse.  

4)  Test switch:  Resets overspeed governor to 1900 to 2100 rpm.  Autofeather system dumps oil in the evcent of engine malf.  If engine loses power at a prosition 90 percent +-2 N1, 2 torque senseing switches actuate.   Test position of AF switch bypasses 90% N1 Microswitch.  

5) Synchrophaser system:  inflihgt use, minimizes stress, reduces noise.  Synchs props at same RPM, phase the blades so 2 blades do not pass the fuselage at the same time.  Left propeller is master, righ is slave.  Mag speed pickups in overspeed governor + 3 mag phase pickups on props de-ice slip ring, transmits to control unit.  Actuator motor on rt. engine trims prop governor to exactly match left rpm.  Synchrophaser limited to +-30 rpm, so doesn’t autofeather.  Righ prop may not fully feather with propsync, and warning will go off if landing gear extended (rt.)  

6) Emergencies:  past 2200 n2: prop governor failure.  Overspeed to 2288.  Sticks or moves too slowly during tranisetn condition, prop speed exceeds 2332, then overspeed gov failed, and pneumatic section of primary governor acts as fuel topping governor.  Limits fuel flow to the enging. 

1. Prop characteristics: hydraulic controlled, constant-speed, full-feathering, and reversible.
2. Feathering: feathering springs assisted by centrifugal force applied to the blade shank counterweights.  Moving Prop Lever to FEATHER lifts pilot valve to allow complete dump of high press oil.  
Manual feathering: pull prop lever to feather.
Automatic feathering (ARMED): sense loss of torque oil press and feather an unpowered prop - only can occur when: [1] 
autofeather - ARMED [2] both power levers > 90 (+/-2)%N1 [3] torque on one engine < 260 (+/-50)lbs.  Before auto prop 
feather, interlock disarms autofeather circuit of opposite propeller at 410 +/- 50 ft-lbs.
Feathers for: [1] loss of boosted prop governor oil pressure (engine shutdowns on ground and anytime prop not turning).
Once one prop feathered, other prop must be manually feathered.
Right prop sync may not feather with prop sync on.
3. Low Pitch Blade angles: 	Feathered = 87	Low Pitch = 15	0 Thrust = -5	Reverse = -11	Cruise = 25 to 35
			Idle = 15 to -5	Beta = -5 to -11	
4. Max Reverse = -5 to -11 at 86% max N1 at 2100 prop RPM
5. Max N1 in BETA _______ (condition levers - LOW IDLE)
6. Centrifugal counterweights, assisted by feathering spring, move blades to low RPM (high pitch) and feather.  Governor boosted oil press moves prop to high RPM (low pitch) hydraulic stop and reverse.  Low pitch by mechanically activated hydraulic stop, causes beta valve on primary gov to stop oil flow to prop dome.  Low pitch blade pos by primary low pitch stop.  Allows blades to rotate beyond low pitch into reverse.  Beta and reverse provided by adjusting low pitch stop, controlled by power lever when aft of idle.  Prop is at low pitch when prop RPM is below selected governor PRM (when prop lever full forward position 2200, but N2 reads 2000).  No high pitch stop so prop can feather.
7. Norm op range of primary gov is 1800-2200RPM.
8. If prop RPM exceeds 2200 by more than 4%, the overspeed gov 2288 +/-40.  Fuel topping gov 2332.    
9. In reverse, pneumatic section of primary gov reset to allow max 2100RPM.
10. Prop gov test switch - actuates solenoid so overspeed gov reset to 1900 to 2100
--  Condition levers - HIGH IDLE - Max RPM 2200.
--  Power levers - IDLE & Condition levers - LOW IDLE - Prop RPM 900 to 1100. 
--  If prop RPM not btwn 900 to 1100 with power levers - IDLE & condition levers - LOW IDLE, perform low pitch torque check (NATOPS 10-5).
11. Reduction gearbox failure and/or N2 turbine damage occurs at 2420RPM.  
12. Prop reverse not ready light: gear down and prop levers not HIGH IDLE.
13. Autofeathering: used only on t/o & landing.  ARM.  Engine loses power, ARMED, power levers > 90 (+/-2)% N1, 410 (+/-50)ft-lbs & 260 (+/-50)ft-lbs torque switches actuated by loss of torque pressure.  Current through autofeather relay to dump valve, releases oil press holding pitch angle on affected prop.  Feathering springs assisted with centrifugal force applied to blade shank counter weights.  TEST pos on switch enables check < 90% N1 on ground only.
14. Syncrophaser master engine = left.  Inflight use only.  Maintains blade positions of both props via magn speed pickup on prop overspeed gov and mag phase pickups on prop deice slip ring adjacent to brush block.  Creates pulse rate, transmitted to actuator motor on right eng.  Motor trims right eng to left.  Trimmer screws in  & out.  Limited to +/- 30 RPM gov setting.   Right prop may not fully (manual) feather with prop sync on. If props won't sync, actuator at limits - turn prop sync OFF, synch props manually, turn sync ON.  Prop Sync On light when in system in use and landing gear extended.
15. The prop lever controls the primary gov - varies tension on Speeder Spring to reposition Pilot Valve, allows more gov boosted oil into prop dome for (Higher RPM, low pitch) or oil dumped from dome (Lower RPM, higher pitch).
16. Power lever IDLE or above - sets low pitch at 15 blade angle.  Beta = -5.  Max reverse = -11.
17. Fuel topping gov - pneumatic section of primary gov, limits fuel flow to eng, reduces N1 RPM, on at 2332RPM.  Pneumatic line routes bleed air from eng compressor to FCU to primary gov.  If >2332RPM, airbleed orifice of prim gov opened by flyweight to bleed off P3 press through primary gov, closes fuel control bellows, reducing fuel flow.  
18. In reverse, the pneumatic sect of primary gov reset to allow max of 2100RPM.
19. A prop would feather in flight if autofeathered armed, power levers > 90%N1, drop in torque below 260ft-lbs on same engine OR prop lever manually pulled to feather.
20. Max N1 acceleration 102.6%.
PROPELLER MALFUNCTIONS (NATOPS 15-10)
Primary Governor Failure (memory item): feather or overspeed (outside normal limits). * Certain failures can cause beta valve to be inop, causing overspeed. Control w/ overspeeding prop very difficult at lower power settings and airspeeds, highly discouraged.  If necessary, landing with overspeeding prop carry extra airspeed.  Gives more rudder authority, reduces prob of in-flight beta.
 If prop rpm out of normal governor range (1800 - 2200RPM):
[1] Propeller RPM  -- Adjust to Normal RPM.  
By prop lever. If norm restored, continue ops.  If norm can't be obtained:
[2] Power Lever - IDLE (concur)
[3] Propeller Lever - FEATHER (concur)
Notes: Prop RPM > 2420 may result in RGB failure and/or N2 turbine damage.  Engine with disabled prop can provide electric power.  Right prop may not full feather with prop sync ON.  Fully feathered prop will still be running at about 200 rpm.
[4] Alt Prop Feather Checklist  - AS REQ

Prop Linkage Failure: prop gov ctl linkage fails, prop goes to 2200 or maintains last rpm setting.
[1] Manipulate prop lever to determine if cockpit control lost
[2] If cockpit control lost and RPM in safe limits, match opposite prop speed with uncontrollable prop and land as soon as practicable.  
CAUTION: Reverse w/o high RPM can damage prop.

Alternate Prop Feathering: Linkage or gov fails and prop doesn't feather by itself or normal feathering procedures don't work, use autofeather.
[1] Power Lever - IDLE (failed propeller) (concur)
[2] Condition Lever - FUEL CUTOFF (concur)
[3] Autofeather - ARM
[4] Power Levers -- > 90% N1 *Don't pull power lever to IDLE during autofeather, may disarm system.
[5] Emergency Shutdown Checklist - EXECUTE